Last week's WEEKLY FEATURE generated some response. Namely, why did I not elaborate further on an alliance between the USA and Nazi Germany?

The answer is, I designed the page late at night and wanted to go to bed. Also, I considered the events leading up to Hitler's rise to power very unlikely to occur in a world in which we had won the War Between the States.

However, Phil Blaiklock desired more on the subject, so (since he has a link to my Home Page and I owe him a little debt and I'm too lazy to think up an idea on my own) I am glad to present a fictional history of a world with Hitler and the CSA as a viable nation.

The Confederate States of America won the war through promises to emancipate the slaves. The execution of these promisies came slowly, but they were eventually carried out. Regardless, Britain and France both recognised the CSA as a separate nation and gave us their support. This, coupled with quick action by Ewell's II Corps at Gettysburg as well as other southern victories in the west (commanded by General Albert Sidney Johnston, who luckily remembered the tourniquet in his pocket and survived a bloody leg wound at Shiloh), allowed the south to fight the war to a standstill and in 1864 the near-mutinous Army of the Potomac elected their old commander George McClellan president of the United States on a peace ticket. In the years immediately follwing the War, the CSA reclaimed the conquored Confederate Territory of Arizona, negotiated for control of Kentucky and parts of West Virginia, and eventually overwhelmed the US Territory of New Mexico. In return for support of Maximillian I of Mexico against the republican insurgants, the CSA got control of Baja California and was able to build a transcontinental railroad in the late 1870's. In the 1880's, the South conquored several Central American countries (at about the same time it finally kept its promises about freeing the slaves, which was done in a gradual and non-confiscatory manner) and used the conquored people for cheap labour, much like American companies do now in our world. The USA tried to retake the south in the late 1890's, but were held off through the effective defense of the Beauregard Line (the longest fortified border in the world) and through the world's first major use of poison gas. Shortly thereafter, the US began to harass Canada, but quickly drew back rather than face down the greatest empire on earth, the British Empire. Finally whipped, they tried to attack Spain, but the South went to Spain's aid, and after the succesful defense of Cuba we took that island from the inside with our garison troops. By the turn of the century, the south had 15 states (the actual eleven plus Kentucky, Kanawa (southern West Virginia), Arizona, and New Mexico, the last two of which were made states in the 1890's after the completion of the Confederate Pacific trans-continental railroad) and five territories (Nicaragua (including present day El Salvador), Panama (which included present day Costa Rica), Confederate Honduras, Cuba and the Baja Territory). The Indian Territory is in complete unrest, with both North and South sponsoring Indian raids on the opposing nation.

The First World War was won by the Allies, as isolationism and the assasination of President Roosevelt by a German anachist kept the US from aiding their economic ally Germany. With the aid of the CEF (Confederate Expiditionary Force) the Allies defeated Germany in 1918, but were unable to prevent the Communist Revolution in Russia. The mistreatment of the German peoples in the Treaty of Versailles, coupled with incredible economic depression led to the rise of a young Austrian -- a corporal of the German Army twice decorated for valour (Iron Cross 1st Class, Iron Cross 2nd Class), a failure as an artist, an ex-prisoner jailed for attempted revolt, a millionaire who wrote a best-selling book, Mein Kampf, while behind bars -- Adolf Hitler. Thus, the chronology of events:

1933: Hitler combines the positions of President and Chancellor, creating himself der Fueher -- the Leader. Japanese Empire completes the conquest of Manchuria.

1938: Hitler manipulates corrupt Austrian oficials into surrendering Austria to their Germanic brethren. Austria, the "Eastern Empire" is annexed into the Third Reich in the Anschluss. Japan completes the conquest of the area surrounding Peiping (Peking).

1939: Western powers, hoping to appease Hitler and under pressure from the pro-German US, allow Hitler to possess the German speaking Sudatenland of Czecho-Slovakia, provided he PROMISES not to ask for anything else. Hitler takes the Sudatenland, and a few months later takes the rest of the country. Soon his mighty Wehrmacht is poised on the Polish border, preparing to invade. Britain and France order him to stay on his own side of the border -- or else. Heedless of their warnings, Hitler (after making a secret deal with Stalin of the USSR) invades Poland, adding part of it to the Third Reich and placing the remainder under the control of the "General Government." This area will become German Lebensraum -- living space. Britain, France, Mexico declare war. Britain attempts to blockade Germany. Germany's ally Italy conquers Albania. The US begins its first peacetime draft.

1940: US ships, ignoring the British blockade continue to supply needed oil and food to Germany, which quickly sweeps into Denmark, Belgium, Holland, Roumania, Luxembourg, Norway, and Northern France. Southern France operates under the puppet Vichy government. Spain funnels men and materiel into Nazi Germany. After the fall of France, Britian begins to threaten US shiping. The Canadian border is fortified. The German Luftwaffe bombards London, the RAF bombs any German cities within reach, but their fuel tanks are still too small to reach much of the Thousand Year Reich. The CSA re-instates the peacetime draft, last used to guard the Virginia border in the lates 1800's and closes her harbours to Yankee shipping. Germany begins an atomic bomb programme.

1941: Burgaria, Greece, Yugoslavia, Hungary conquered by Germany. Hitler invades Russia. Japan Conquers Hong Kong and French Indo-China. Britain sinks American ships aiding Germany. The USA declares war on Britain. Confederate warships, assisting the Royal Navy, sink a small convoy of US transports. The USA declares war on the CSA. The US President, CS President, and British Prime Minister each OK atomic research programmes. The US and Germany begins to work together, although both sides hold back key information. Britian and the CSA also share informaiton, but more openly. US troops move into Arizona and cut the southern Trans-continental Railroad. Mexican troops re-inforce the Confederate Armies in the west under General Patton.

1942: Hitler becomes stalled in Russia, but with Britain caught between the USA and Nazi Europe, he once again begins to bombard England in preparation for another offensive there. Montgomery gains North Africa for the Allies. Japan continues to consolidate in Asia, taking the Dutch East Indies, more of China, and threatening Australia and the Phillippines (that is against Germany's will, as Germany needs the US as an ally). The US army moves down the Shenandoah Valley, hoping to get through a weak point in the aging Beauregard Line. A breach is made, and the Confederate Army in the east tries to recall the past glory of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign, but fails. West Virginia is all Yankee again, and Virginia and the crucial railroad junctions of East Tennessee are open to Yankee agression. In the West, Patton's Mosby mountain tanks retake Arizona and move into Southern California. Atomic programmes are underway in Tennessee, Alabama, Washington State, Michigan, the Lowlands of Scotland, the German re-conquored Polish Corridor, Norway, Siberia, and Formosa.

1943: Hitler is slowly giving ground in Russia and has given up hope of invading Britain in the near future. Japan, to aid, Hitler has invaded Russia. Patton has taken much of Southern California, but elsewhere the South is faring poorly. In an incredible suprise attack, the US Army Air Corps has launched simultaneaous attacks on New Orleans and Memphis in conjuntion with a naval attack on the Mississippi Delta. Soon the US Navy has control of much of the Mississippi, cutting the Confederacy in half. To keep the Yankees from taking any more of Virginia, the CS Army Chemical Warfare Deivision has been activated to launch nerve and mustard gas agains the US Army, and desperate fighting is going on in the hills of East Tennessee and Soutwest Virginia in the area around Bristol. The Luftwaffe destroys the British atomic facilities in Scotland, but not before the British scientists, warned by ULTRA can be evacuated with most of their vital equipment. They are moved to Oak Ridge, Tennessee on the CSS Semmes, our premier submarine vessel. British Colonial Forces congregate in Egypt to prepare an assault on Italy or Greece.

1944: Hitler is no longer losing ground in Russia, as the Japanese victories in Kamchatka are pulling the Red Army in two directions. However, a third front has been opened in Italy, where Montgomery is stalled at Monte Casino. Troops from America are helping to alleviate the difficulty there. The US has some troops to spare, as the Confederacy is showing signs of weakening. Although Patton controls much of California and Nevada, the CSA is split in two along the Mississippi, and after three years of aerial bombardment, little remains of Richmond or any other large city in Virginia. The same can also be said for Washington, Baltimore, and the other large cities along the US-CS border, but a provisional Capital has been instituted in New York, just as the Confederate Government is operating out of Raleigh. The German atomic programm should produce one bomb by Febraury of next year.

1945: The Royal Air Force destroys a portion of Germany's Norwegian nuclear site, but by May of 1945 the city of Moscow is radioactive ash. Shocked beyond belief, and without Stalin (who is now presumably in tiny glowing bits) to back them up, the Russians capitulate, turning much of the Ukraine over to Germany, and most of Kamchatka over to Japan. The US is on the brink of producing two bombs when a Yankee scientist from Illinois who is secretly working for the Confederacy sabotages the atomic effort. Nonetheless, enough has been learned from Yankee research and German reserach that at least two bombs should be completed in 1946. The Confederacy expects to have three bombs in 1946. The President of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt dies of a brain hemmorage. His last recorded words are: I have a terrific headache. Vice President Harry Truman takes over. As he is from Missouri, he is suspected to be sympathetic towards the south. The British Army under Montgomery takes Rome, and Italy surrenders, and joins the Allies. German/US forces quickly occupy Northern Italy. Patton moves towards the Yankee nuclear facilities in Washington and Canadian forces move south from British Columbia, the first overt act of war between Canada and the US, who had maintained an uneasy truce even though Britain and the US were at war. Yankees invade Quebec.

1946: The Confederacy tests an atomic bomb in New Mexico. Dropped from a height of 127 feet, it goes THUD. Japan, well fortified in Kamchatka, but encountering stiff resistance from the British in Burma, turns its eyes towards the poorly defended US terrirtory of the Philippines (which should be independent by now, but are not -- after all, there's a war on). Patton meets Canadian forces in Washington State, and they capture the Yankee Nuclear Facility in Hanford, but it is already evacuated and all records destroyed. The US Army is slowly pushing into Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina as the South's lower population begins to slow the CSA down. Confederate and Mexican troops in the West, however, take Colorado and move into Kansas and Nebraska. The Indian Territory joins the Confederacy and Confederate Central American troops are moved to Virginia to support the wavering gray line. US forces take most of southern Quebec and Nova Scotia, and the Canadian capital is moved to Victoria. However, Alaska's major cities all fall to Canadian forces. Montgomery is barely holding his own in Italy, and Germany is again bombing Britain and is continuing to take lands in Russia beyond the line set by the Treaty of Stalingrad, which had ended to German-Russian war. Japan attacks the Philippines in the fall, and massacres thousands of American soldiers who cannot be effectively relieved as the Confederacy controls the west coast and the Panama Canal. In November, a B-14 Petersburg Bomber drops a nuclear bomb on New York. Millions die, including most of the US Congress. Fortunately, Truman is fishing on Lake Champlain, and escapes the blast. In retaliation, Nashville and Ralleigh are destroyed by Yankee A-bombs. The Confederacy drops its last bomb on Detroit, and destroys a large portion of Yankeedom's tank manufacturing capabilities. Britain clamors for a bomb from the South, as Confederate progress would have been impossible without Britain's aid. Furthermore, a Luftwaffe bomber was shot down over the English Channel while carrying a nuclear device. Germany's nuclear capabilities, however, seem to be less dangerous than once thought, as the RAF continually bombs any suspected nuclear site and works with the Free French and the Polish Resistance to sabotage all nuclear production.

1947: The US is shocked by stories of Nazi concentration camps that begin to filter back from the US troops in Italy. Refusing to change their methods, the Nazis lose the US as an ally. Montgomery consolidates his hold on Italy. In the spring, it is discovered that Stalin is not dead! He was hidden in a bunker that survived the blast, but his health was severly damaged and he only barely survived the radiation sickness while hidden in a tiny guerilla enclave in the Ural mountains. His public return, combined with continued Nazi violation of the Stalingrad Treaty, as well as his knowledge of Research Project #4 lead to renewed war with Germany. Two more nuclear blast rock Russia, and the German Army takes the oil fields of the Caucasus. However, the secret Russian nuclear programme has bourne fruit, and a Red Air Force suicide pilot crash dives with an A-Bomb into the Reichstag in Berlin (Hitler was vacationing in Bavaria). Japan takes Hawaii and renews the campaign against Russia. The US Army takes eastern Canada and East Tennessee, but Patton, the Canadians, and the Mexicans are all moving eastward. Britian loses Burma to the Japanese, but employs a tactical nuclear bomb to make the Japanese win a Phyrric victory. The USA and CSA use no new nuclear weapons. A failed revolt in Vichy France leads to deadly reprisals and the consolidation of France under one German government.

1948: SS operatives assassinate Stalin, but not before several key Werhmacht officers die in the nuclear bombing of Warsaw. Pressed by Japan and Germany, the USSR surrenders, again, and loses more territory. The RAF drops a nuclear bomb on Munich, and a large portion of London is destroyed by an A-bomb delivered by the Luftwaffe. Two years of nuclear production have given the CSA three more nuclear bombs, plus two given the Britain. One bomb destroys a US Field Army in Tennessee, another destroys Chicago, and a third, dropped on a US army in Canada proves to be a dud. The US Air Force (created as a separate entity from the Army in 1947) destroys Atlanta, Houston, and a large part of Patton's Army. Another US A-bomb, dropped on Charleston, fails to explode as does one used against the British in Canada. Japanese forces continue to advance into India, but slowly.

1949: After years of war, the USA and CSA end their struggle. The USA returns the State of Kanawa in return for the return of parts of Idaho, Montanna, Wyoming, Kansas and Nebraska. The CSA refuses to return California, Washington, Oregon, Nevada, or Utah until the USA relinquishes any claims on Canada. Truman reluctantly acquiesces, and the US-CS war is over, as is the war between Britain and the US. The CSA gave up such large areas of conquest (in case you wondered) because even though they were taken, they were being held on a shoestring budget of Territorial (Central America) forces, and Patton had finally died of radiation poisoning. Furthermore, Eisenhower's army, victorious in Canada, was being re-directed against the US West. And the South did actually keep part of Southern California that had been taken early (about everything south of Los Angeles with the exception of a large area around San Diego), and Canada kept Alaska. At this point, the US turns to make war on Japan, which has taken two major US territories, and several minor ones in the Pacific.

1950: British and Confederate forces liberate France. Hamburg is destroyed by a nuclear bomb. So is Glasgow. The US makes some progress in the Pacific, although Japan first destroys San Diego with a nuclear bomb. Several conquored Nazi territories rise up together to liberate themselves. Hungary, Roumania, and Yugoslavia are all freed. Yugoslavia collapses in ethnic troubles and is soon re-taken. Bulgaria is freed. Britain liberates Greece. The USA retakes Hawaii in December.

1951: Britain, France, Mexico, and the Confederacy all have armies stalled on the German border. The USA is taking over the Pacific theatre island group by island group. British Colonials retake all of India and move into Burma. Germany is wracked by social and economic troubles. Russia has two revolutions -- no-one knows who is in charge now. In July, Hitler is assassinated by the German High Command. Admiral Doenitz becomes Fuehrer, and offers a truce to the Allies. A weary world accepts. Now the Allies all turn on Japan. MacArthur returns to the Philippines in November.

1952: King George VI dies. Harry Truman is voted out of office and replaced by war hero Eisenhower. Burma and French Indo-China are retaken. The Dutch East Indies are liberated. The Japanese nuclear facilites on Formosa are captured.

1953: Hong Kong is retaken. Tokyo dissolves in nuclear fire. Japan, at war with all the world, surrenders, and is divided into occupied sections controlled by the USA, CSA, and UK. MacArthur writes the provisional Japanese constitution, retaining the Emperor (who was in Kyoto, not Tokyo when thay city was destroyed) as a figurehead.

1954: Elizabeth II is crowned Queen of England.

As is often the case in war, this WWII has no winner.

The CSA "won," that is, we were not retaken, and we even gained some territory and advanced incredibly in technology (as always happens in modern wars) but at a great cost. The loss of Nashville, Raleigh, Atlanta, and Houston is the loss of millions.

The USA "won," in that Japan was not allowed to keep the Philippines or Hawaii. But we lost an ally and our innocence when we disovered what Hitler was doing to the Jews. Furthermore, the great cities of Yankeedom were radioactive ash.

Britain "won," since Germany was kept from taking all of Europe, and was reduced to its 1938 borders, but the British Empire was weakened. India would have joined Japan had Churchill not promised India independence in the post-war world. Britain was bankrupt, and her empire slowly falling apart.

Mexico came out quite well, actually. Never in any real danger, Mexico got all the benifits of war (industrial and technological booms) without any fighting on the home soil of Mexico.

France died. Ten years of occupation. The mighty French Empire scattered to the winds. This is it for France, even more than after the real WWII.

Germany did poorly, but not so badly as she might have. Austria is still part of the Fatherland, and Doenitz, no true Fascist, phased out the concentration camps -- too late, but better late than never.

Italy also ended up in bad shape, but the early switch to the Allied side saved Rome, Naples, or Venice from a nuclear blast.

The USSR died. Too many shocks allowed the power of the communists to wane, and the USSR disintegrated over forty years sooner.

Japan got beat up. All her colonies taken, and the home islands under military rule. Still, the western powers built Japan back up, although it she remained a colony and did not become the economic behemoth she is in our world.

China, then, as now, was too complex to worry about. This war only made it worse. Will the Reds come to power? Will Chiang Kai-Shek remain in charge? Will someone else step in? Britain, the USA and the CSA all want to. Well, China will forever be the land of mystery, because I am tired and want to go to bed.

Anyway, I hope you enjoyed this speculation, and you are welcome to leave comments for jsayers1@utk.edu.

That's all that's here right now. If you want, you can return to my home page.

Next week: A NEW WEEKLY FEATURE! (Maybe)